Pepper-and-salt
Erigenia bulbosa
Last reviewed: June 2026
Light
part shade
Water
medium
Size
4"–8" H × 3"–6" W
Bloom
Mar, Apr
Native to
AL, AR, GA, IL and 16 more states
Pollinators
bees, beetles, flies
Pepper-and-salt is a charming early spring wildflower that produces tiny white flowers with dark anthers, creating its distinctive speckled appearance. This petite woodland native emerges in March and April, then goes dormant by early summer. It forms small clumps that slowly spread in shaded areas with rich, moist soil.
In an HOA neighborhood
Pepper-and-salt takes more care to keep looking intentional in a front yard. Maintenance level: low. Consider it for backyard or mid-zone beds rather than the street edge.
Works well in: backyard only.
- Goes completely dormant by early summer leaving bare spots
- Very small size makes it appear weedy or unintentional
- Short bloom period offers limited visual impact for front yard use
Wildlife value
This early bloomer provides crucial nectar for bees, beetles, and flies when few other flowers are available in spring. Its timing makes it especially valuable for native bees emerging from winter dormancy.
Native range data from the USDA PLANTS Database and regional native plant society lists. Pollinator and host plant associations compiled from GBIF, iNaturalist, and published ecological literature.
Does Pepper-and-salt fit your yard? Open it in Pollinator Patch to check it against your sun, soil, and HOA-conscious filters.