Leucothoe
Leucothoe axillaris
Last reviewed: June 2026
Leucothoe axillaris is an evergreen shrub native to the southeastern United States that produces fragrant white flower clusters in April and May. This shade-tolerant plant thrives in moist, acidic soils and attracts bees and butterflies.
Leucothoe is toxic to dogs and cats.
Listed as toxic by the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (opens in new tab) (last reviewed 2026-05-21). If your pet has been exposed, call the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435and your veterinarian's emergency line.
Pollinator Patch flags toxic plants so you can choose a pet-safe native alternative for your yard.
The USDA PLANTS Database (opens in new tab) does not flag Leucothoe as toxic to livestock.
Light
part shade
Water
medium
Size
24"–48" H × 24"–48" W
Bloom
Apr, May
Native to
AL, FL, GA, LA and 4 more states
Pollinators
bees, butterflies
Leucothoe is a graceful evergreen shrub that forms neat, compact mounds with arching branches and glossy leaves. It produces delicate white bell-shaped flowers in spring and thrives in shaded areas where many other shrubs struggle. The plant maintains its attractive foliage year-round and requires minimal care once established.
Growing Leucothoe
Grow Leucothoe in part shade and medium water. Mature plants reach 24 to 48 inches tall and spread 24 to 48 inches wide. Expect low maintenance to keep it looking intentional in a front yard.
In an HOA neighborhood
Leucothoe is an HOA-friendly choice. Maintenance level: low. Tidiness: 4 out of 5.
Works well in: front yard, foundation, street edge, mid zone.
Wildlife value
The spring flowers attract bees and butterflies, providing an important nectar source during the blooming period. The evergreen foliage offers year-round shelter for small birds and beneficial insects.
Common questions
- Where is Leucothoe axillaris native to?
- Leucothoe axillaris is native to Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia in the southeastern United States.
- When does Leucothoe axillaris bloom?
- Leucothoe axillaris blooms in April and May, producing clusters of small, fragrant white flowers.
- What pollinators visit Leucothoe axillaris?
- Bees and butterflies are attracted to the nectar-rich flowers of Leucothoe axillaris during its spring blooming period.
- What growing conditions does Leucothoe axillaris prefer?
- Leucothoe axillaris grows best in partial shade to full shade with consistently moist, well-draining acidic soil. It tolerates some morning sun but prefers protection from harsh afternoon light.
- Is Leucothoe toxic to dogs?
- Yes. Leucothoe is listed as toxic to dogs by the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (aspca.org). If your pet has been exposed, call the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435.
- Is Leucothoe toxic to cats?
- Yes. Leucothoe is listed as toxic to cats by the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (aspca.org). If your cat has been exposed, call the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435.
- Is Leucothoe toxic to livestock?
- The USDA PLANTS Database does not flag Leucothoe as toxic to livestock.
- Is Leucothoe HOA-friendly?
- Leucothoe is generally an HOA-friendly choice in the right placement, with low maintenance.
Native range data from the USDA PLANTS Database and regional native plant society lists. Pollinator and host plant associations compiled from GBIF, iNaturalist, and published ecological literature.
Pollinator Patch flags toxic plants like Leucothoe and shows pet-safe natives for your ecoregion instead.
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