Mountain-grape
Mahonia aquifolium
Last reviewed: July 2026
The USDA PLANTS Database (opens in new tab) does not flag Mountain-grape as toxic to livestock.
Light
full sun
Water
medium
Size
36"–180" H × 36"–120" W
Bloom
Mar, Apr, May
Native to
CA, CO, ID, MT and 3 more states
Pollinators
bees, hummingbirds, beetles
Browse plants for this ecoregion
Mountain-grape is a sturdy evergreen shrub with glossy, holly-like leaves that turn bronze-red in winter. It produces clusters of bright yellow flowers in spring followed by blue-purple berries, and can form colonies through underground runners.
In an HOA neighborhood
Mountain-grape is an HOA-friendly choice. Maintenance level: low. Tidiness: 4 out of 5.
Works well in: front yard, foundation, street edge, mid zone.
- Can spread aggressively if not managed
- Spiny leaves may be concern near walkways
Wildlife value
Host plant for Spring Azure, Western Pine Elfin.
The spring flowers attract bees, beetles, and occasionally hummingbirds. The berries provide food for birds and small mammals throughout summer and fall.
Common questions
- How much sun does Mountain-grape need?
- Mountain-grape grows best in full sun conditions.
- When does Mountain-grape bloom?
- Mountain-grape blooms in March, April, and May.
- Where is Mountain-grape native?
- Mountain-grape (Mahonia aquifolium) is native to CA, CO, ID, MT and 3 more states, per the USDA PLANTS Database and regional native plant society lists.
- Is Mountain-grape toxic to livestock?
- The USDA PLANTS Database does not flag Mountain-grape as toxic to livestock.
- What butterflies or moths does Mountain-grape host?
- Mountain-grape is a larval host plant for Spring Azure and Western Pine Elfin.
- Is Mountain-grape HOA-friendly?
- Mountain-grape is generally an HOA-friendly choice in the right placement, with low maintenance.
Native range data from the USDA PLANTS Database and regional native plant society lists. Pollinator and host plant associations compiled from GBIF, iNaturalist, and published ecological literature.
Ready to grow Mountain-grape? Add it to your garden in Pollinator Patch to track it and get season-by-season care guidance.
Not sure where to start? Take the 2-minute yard quiz