Water Oak
Quercus nigra
Last reviewed: June 2026
Quercus nigra (Water Oak) is a deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States that blooms in March and April. This adaptable oak tolerates various moisture levels and provides habitat for bees and beetles.
Water Oak (Quercus nigra) is not on the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center toxic plant list for dogs or cats (aspca.org (opens in new tab), last reviewed 2026-05-21). If your pet shows symptoms after eating any plant, call the ASPCA at (888) 426-4435.
The USDA PLANTS Database (opens in new tab) does not flag Water Oak as toxic to livestock.
Light
full sun
Water
medium
Size
360"–600" H × 240"–480" W
Bloom
Mar, Apr
Native to
AL, AR, DE, FL and 14 more states
Pollinators
bees, beetles
Browse plants for this ecoregion
Water oak is a medium to large deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States. It develops a rounded crown and produces small spring flowers followed by acorns. This oak species prefers moist soils and provides excellent shade coverage.
Growing Water Oak
Grow Water Oak in full sun and medium water. Mature plants reach 360 to 600 inches tall and spread 240 to 480 inches wide. Expect low maintenance to keep it looking intentional in a front yard.
In an HOA neighborhood
Water Oak is an HOA-friendly choice. Maintenance level: low. Tidiness: 4 out of 5.
Works well in: front yard, mid zone, street edge.
- Large mature size requires adequate space
- Acorn drop may require seasonal cleanup
Wildlife value
Host plant for Edward's Hairstreak, Banded Hairstreak.
Supports bees and beetles during spring flowering, and the acorns feed numerous wildlife species including squirrels, deer, and birds. Oak trees are among the most valuable native trees for supporting caterpillars and other insects.
Common questions
- Where is Water Oak native?
- Water Oak is native to 20 states across the southeastern United States, including Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.
- When does Water Oak bloom?
- Water Oak blooms in March and April, producing small flowers that are pollinated by wind.
- What pollinators visit Water Oak?
- Water Oak attracts bees and beetles, which visit the tree for pollen and nectar during its blooming period.
- What growing conditions does Water Oak prefer?
- Water Oak grows best in full sun to partial sun and tolerates a wide range of moisture conditions from wet to dry soils, making it highly adaptable to different landscape situations.
- Is Water Oak toxic to dogs?
- Water Oak is not on the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center toxic plant list for dogs (aspca.org).
- Is Water Oak toxic to cats?
- Water Oak is not on the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center toxic plant list for cats (aspca.org).
- Is Water Oak toxic to livestock?
- The USDA PLANTS Database does not flag Water Oak as toxic to livestock.
- Is Water Oak HOA-friendly?
- Water Oak is generally an HOA-friendly choice in the right placement, with low maintenance.
Native range data from the USDA PLANTS Database and regional native plant society lists. Pollinator and host plant associations compiled from GBIF, iNaturalist, and published ecological literature.
Ready to grow Water Oak? Add it to your garden in Pollinator Patch to track it and get season-by-season care guidance.
Not sure where to start? Take the 2-minute yard quiz