Black Willow
Salix nigra
Last reviewed: June 2026
Light
full sun
Water
high
Size
360"–1200" H × 240"–480" W
Bloom
Apr, May
Native to
AL, AR, CT, DE and 31 more states
Pollinators
bees, beetles, flies
Browse plants for this ecoregion
Black willow is a fast-growing native tree that naturally occurs along streams and wetlands. This large tree produces early spring catkins and has graceful, drooping branches with narrow leaves that flutter in the breeze.
In an HOA neighborhood
Black Willow takes more care to keep looking intentional in a front yard. Maintenance level: high. Consider it for backyard or mid-zone beds rather than the street edge.
Works well in: backyard only.
- Extremely large size inappropriate for most residential lots
- Fast growth creates maintenance issues
- Weeping branches can appear unkempt to HOAs
Wildlife value
Host plant for viceroy butterfly, mourning cloak butterfly.
The early spring blooms provide crucial nectar for bees, beetles, and flies when few other flowers are available. The tree also hosts numerous butterfly and moth caterpillars and provides nesting sites for birds.
Native range data from the USDA PLANTS Database and regional native plant society lists. Pollinator and host plant associations compiled from GBIF, iNaturalist, and published ecological literature.
Does Black Willow fit your yard? Open it in Pollinator Patch to check it against your sun, soil, and HOA-conscious filters.